胎膜早破的診斷:
(1)臨床癥狀和體征:臨床上常見為孕婦主訴無明顯誘因突發(fā)**流液,感到外陰有大量分泌物流出,需要行消毒后窺陰器檢查見有**內(nèi)有液體流出或是胎脂流出。
(2)輔助檢查:臨床上經(jīng)常有羊水過少的孕婦胎膜早破,此時我們需要看**后穹隆是否有液體,然后用PH試紙檢測,如果變藍色可以診斷為胎膜早破,但是有宮頸炎、**炎、血液、肥皂、尿液、靜液會導致假陽性的出現(xiàn)[2]。超聲檢查對胎膜早破診斷價值有限[2]。
(7)分娩方式選擇:PPROM選擇何種分娩方式,需綜合考慮孕周、早產(chǎn)兒存活率、是否存在羊水過少或絨毛膜羊膜炎、胎兒能否耐受官縮、胎方位等因素,PPROM不是剖宮產(chǎn)指征,分娩方式應遵循標準的產(chǎn)科常規(guī),在無明確的剖宮產(chǎn)指征時應選擇**試產(chǎn),產(chǎn)程中密切注意胎心變化,有剖宮產(chǎn)指征時,應選擇剖宮產(chǎn)術分娩為宜;胎兒臀位時應首選剖宮產(chǎn)術分娩,有異常情況時放寬剖宮產(chǎn)指征[2]。
參考文獻
[1] American college of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice Bulletin No.139:premature rupture of membranes,Clinical managenment guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists[J].Obstet Gynecol.2013.122(4):918.
[2] 中華醫(yī)學會婦產(chǎn)科學分會產(chǎn)科學組.胎膜早破的診斷與處理指南[J].中華婦產(chǎn)科雜志,2015,1(50):3-8.
[3] Di Renzo GC,Roura LCD i R e n z o G C,Facchinetti F,et al.Guidelines for the managenment of spontaneous preterm labor:identification of spontaneous preterm labor,diagnosis of preterm premature reputrue of membranace,and preventive tools for preterm birth[J].JMatern Fetal Neonatal Med,2011,24(5):659-667.
[4] Tita AT,And rews WW.Diagnosis and management of clinical chorioamnionitis[J].Clinperinatol 2010,37(2):339-354.
[5]Bricker L,Peden H,Tomlinson AJ,et al.Titrated low-dosevaginal and/or misoprostol to induceabour for perlabor membrane rupture:ar and omizedtrial[J].BJOG,2008,115(2):1503-15.
[6]Tan PC,Daud SA,Omar SZ.Concurrent dinoproston and oxytocin for labor in duction intermpremature rupture of membranes:ar and omized controlledtrial[J].Obstet Gynecol,2009,113(5):1059-106.
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